该文件为SYSMETS.h
#define NUMLINES ((int) (sizeof sysmetrics / sizeof sysmetrics [0]))
struct
{
int Index ;
TCHAR * szLabel ;
TCHAR * szDesc ;
}
sysmetrics [] =
{
SM_CXSCREEN, TEXT ("SM_CXSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Screen width in pixels"),
SM_CYSCREEN, TEXT ("SM_CYSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Screen height in pixels"),
SM_CXVSCROLL, TEXT ("SM_CXVSCROLL"),
TEXT ("Vertical scroll width"),
SM_CYHSCROLL, TEXT ("SM_CYHSCROLL"),
TEXT ("Horizontal scroll height"),
SM_CYCAPTION, TEXT ("SM_CYCAPTION"),
TEXT ("Caption bar height"),
SM_CXBORDER, TEXT ("SM_CXBORDER"),
TEXT ("Window border width"),
SM_CYBORDER, TEXT ("SM_CYBORDER"),
TEXT ("Window border height"),
SM_CXFIXEDFRAME,TEXT ("SM_CXFIXEDFRAME"),
TEXT ("Dialog window frame width"),
SM_CYFIXEDFRAME,TEXT ("SM_CYFIXEDFRAME"),
TEXT ("Dialog window frame height"),
SM_CYVTHUMB, TEXT ("SM_CYVTHUMB"),
TEXT ("Vertical scroll thumb height"),
SM_CXHTHUMB, TEXT ("SM_CXHTHUMB"),
TEXT ("Horizontal scroll thumb width"),
SM_CXICON, TEXT ("SM_CXICON"),
TEXT ("Icon width"),
SM_CYICON, TEXT ("SM_CYICON"),
TEXT ("Icon height"),
SM_CXCURSOR, TEXT ("SM_CXCURSOR"),
TEXT ("Cursor width"),
SM_CYCURSOR, TEXT ("SM_CYCURSOR"),
TEXT ("Cursor height"),
SM_CYMENU, TEXT ("SM_CYMENU"),
TEXT ("Menu bar height"),
SM_CXFULLSCREEN,TEXT ("SM_CXFULLSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Full screen client area width"),
SM_CYFULLSCREEN,TEXT ("SM_CYFULLSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Full screen client area height"),
SM_CYKANJIWINDOW,TEXT ("SM_CYKANJIWINDOW"),
TEXT ("Kanji window height"),
SM_MOUSEPRESENT, TEXT ("SM_MOUSEPRESENT"),
TEXT ("Mouse present flag"),
SM_CYVSCROLL,TEXT ("SM_CYVSCROLL"),
TEXT ("Vertical scroll arrow height"),
SM_CXHSCROLL,TEXT ("SM_CXHSCROLL"),
TEXT ("Horizontal scroll arrow width"),
SM_DEBUG, TEXT ("SM_DEBUG"),
TEXT ("Debug version flag"),
SM_SWAPBUTTON,TEXT ("SM_SWAPBUTTON"),
TEXT ("Mouse buttons swapped flag"),
SM_CXMIN, TEXT ("SM_CXMIN"),
TEXT ("Minimum window width"),
SM_CYMIN, TEXT ("SM_CYMIN"),
TEXT ("Minimum window height"),
SM_CXSIZE, TEXT ("SM_CXSIZE"),
TEXT ("Min/Max/Close button width"),
SM_CYSIZE, TEXT ("SM_CYSIZE"),
TEXT ("Min/Max/Close button height"),
SM_CXSIZEFRAME,TEXT ("SM_CXSIZEFRAME"),
TEXT ("Window sizing frame width"),
SM_CYSIZEFRAME,TEXT ("SM_CYSIZEFRAME"),
TEXT ("Window sizing frame height"),
SM_CXMINTRACK,TEXT ("SM_CXMINTRACK"),
TEXT ("Minimum window tracking width"),
SM_CYMINTRACK,TEXT ("SM_CYMINTRACK"),
TEXT ("Minimum window tracking height"),
SM_CXDOUBLECLK,TEXT ("SM_CXDOUBLECLK"),
TEXT ("Double click x tolerance"),
SM_CYDOUBLECLK,TEXT ("SM_CYDOUBLECLK"),
TEXT ("Double click y tolerance"),
SM_CXICONSPACING,TEXT ("SM_CXICONSPACING"),
TEXT ("Horizontal icon spacing"),
SM_CYICONSPACING,TEXT ("SM_CYICONSPACING"),
TEXT ("Vertical icon spacing"),
SM_MENUDROPALIGNMENT,TEXT ("SM_MENUDROPALIGNMENT"),
TEXT ("Left or right menu drop"),
SM_PENWINDOWS, TEXT ("SM_PENWINDOWS"),
TEXT ("Pen extensions installed"),
SM_DBCSENABLED, TEXT ("SM_DBCSENABLED"),
TEXT ("Double-Byte Char Set enabled"),
SM_CMOUSEBUTTONS, TEXT ("SM_CMOUSEBUTTONS"),
TEXT ("Number of mouse buttons"),
SM_SECURE, TEXT ("SM_SECURE"),
TEXT ("Security present flag"),
SM_CXEDGE, TEXT ("SM_CXEDGE"),
TEXT ("3-D border width"),
SM_CYEDGE, TEXT ("SM_CYEDGE"),
TEXT ("3-D border height"),
SM_CXMINSPACING, TEXT ("SM_CXMINSPACING"),
TEXT ("Minimized window spacing width"),
SM_CYMINSPACING, TEXT ("SM_CYMINSPACING"),
TEXT ("Minimized window spacing height"),
SM_CXSMICON, TEXT ("SM_CXSMICON"),
TEXT ("Small icon width"),
SM_CYSMICON, TEXT ("SM_CYSMICON"),
TEXT ("Small icon height"),
SM_CYSMCAPTION, TEXT ("SM_CYSMCAPTION"),
TEXT ("Small caption height"),
SM_CXSMSIZE, TEXT ("SM_CXSMSIZE"),
TEXT ("Small caption button width"),
SM_CYSMSIZE, TEXT ("SM_CYSMSIZE"),
TEXT ("Small caption button height"),
SM_CXMENUSIZE, TEXT ("SM_CXMENUSIZE"),
TEXT ("Menu bar button width"),
SM_CYMENUSIZE, TEXT ("SM_CYMENUSIZE"),
TEXT ("Menu bar button height"),
SM_ARRANGE, TEXT ("SM_ARRANGE"),
TEXT ("How minimized windows arranged"),
SM_CXMINIMIZED, TEXT ("SM_CXMINIMIZED"),
TEXT ("Minimized window width"),
SM_CYMINIMIZED, TEXT ("SM_CYMINIMIZED"),
TEXT ("Minimized window height"),
SM_CXMAXTRACK, TEXT ("SM_CXMAXTRACK"),
TEXT ("Maximum draggable width"),
SM_CYMAXTRACK, TEXT ("SM_CYMAXTRACK"),
TEXT ("Maximum draggable height"),
SM_CXMAXIMIZED, TEXT ("SM_CXMAXIMIZED"),
TEXT ("Width of maximized window"),
SM_CYMAXIMIZED, TEXT ("SM_CYMAXIMIZED"),
TEXT ("Height of maximized window"),
SM_NETWORK, TEXT ("SM_NETWORK"),
TEXT ("Network present flag"),
SM_CLEANBOOT, TEXT ("SM_CLEANBOOT"),
TEXT ("How system was booted"),
SM_CXDRAG, TEXT ("SM_CXDRAG"),
TEXT ("Avoid drag x tolerance"),
SM_CYDRAG, TEXT ("SM_CYDRAG"),
TEXT ("Avoid drag y tolerance"),
SM_SHOWSOUNDS, TEXT ("SM_SHOWSOUNDS"),
TEXT ("Present sounds visually"),
SM_CXMENUCHECK, TEXT ("SM_CXMENUCHECK"),
TEXT ("Menu check-mark width"),
SM_CYMENUCHECK, TEXT ("SM_CYMENUCHECK"),
TEXT ("Menu check-mark height"),
SM_SLOWMACHINE, TEXT ("SM_SLOWMACHINE"),
TEXT ("Slow processor flag"),
SM_MIDEASTENABLED, TEXT ("SM_MIDEASTENABLED"),
TEXT ("Hebrew and Arabic enabled flag"),
SM_MOUSEWHEELPRESENT,TEXT ("SM_MOUSEWHEELPRESENT"),
TEXT ("Mouse wheel present flag"),
SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN, TEXT ("SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Virtual screen x origin"),
SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN, TEXT ("SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Virtual screen y origin"),
SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN, TEXT ("SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Virtual screen width"),
SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN, TEXT ("SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN"),
TEXT ("Virtual screen height"),
SM_CMONITORS, TEXT ("SM_CMONITORS"),
TEXT ("Number of monitors"),
SM_SAMEDISPLAYFORMAT,TEXT ("SM_SAMEDISPLAYFORMAT"),
TEXT ("Same color format flag")
} ;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <windows.h>
#include "sysmets.h"
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("SysMets1") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox ( NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return 0 ;
}
hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("Get System Metrics No. 1"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
//前缀为c代表[count],cxChar保存平均字符宽度,cxCaps保存大写字母的平均宽度cyChar保存字符高度
//对于固定宽度字体cxChar = cxCaps
static int cxChar, cxCaps, cyChar ;
HDC hdc ;
int i ;
/*绘图信息结构.程序呼叫BeginPaint时,windows会适当填入该结构的各个字段值,程序员使用前三个字段,其他字段由windows内部使用。
typdedef struct tagPAINTSTRUCT
{
HDC hdc;//设备内容句柄,BeginPaint传回值也曾是这个设备内容句柄
BOOL fErase;//多数是为FALSE(0),意味windows已经擦出了无效矩形的背景,
//如果要在窗口消息处理程序中自定义背景擦出行为,可以处理WM_ERASEBKGND消息
//windows使用WNDCLASS结构的hbrBarkground字段指定的画刷来擦除背景
//如果程序通过呼叫windows函数InvalidateRect使显示区域中的矩形失效,则该函数的最后一个参数会指定是否擦除背景,如果设为FALSE(即0),
//windows将不会擦除背景,并且在呼叫完BeginPaint后PAINTSTRUCT结构的fErase字段将为TRUE(非零).
//InwalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE);该呼叫在BeginPaint呼叫之前进行,它使整个显示区域变为无效,并擦除背景。如果最后一个参数设置为FALSE,
//则不擦除背景,原有的东西讲保留在远处。
//通常这是windows程序在无论何时收到WM_PAINT消息而不考虑rcPaint结构的情况下简单地重画{整个显示区域}最方便的方法。
RECT rcPaint;//定义无效矩形(需要重画的区域),如果无效矩形不为矩形,windows将绘图操作限制在这个区域内
BOOL fRestore;
BOOL fIncUpdate;
BYTE rgbReserved[32];
}PAINTSRUCT;
*/
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
TCHAR szBuffer [10] ;
TEXTMETRIC tm ;//字体信息,提供了关于目前设备内容中选用的字体的丰富信息。
/*
typedef struct tagTEXTMETRIC
{
LONG tmHeight;//它是tmAscent和tmDescent的和,这两个值表示了基准在线下字符的最大纵向高度
LONG tmAscent;
LONG tmDesent;
//[间距]是指打印机在两行文字间插入的空间,
LONG tmInternalLeading;//内部间距,包括在tmAscent,它经常是重音符号出现的地方.设成0,加重音的字母会稍稍缩短一边容纳重音符号
LONG tmExternalLeading;//外部间距,横向字符之间的空间大小
//下面是表述字符宽度的两个字段,对于定宽字符,两个字段的值相等
LONG tmAveCharWidth;//小写字母加权平均宽度
LONG tmMaxCharWidth;//字体中最宽字符的宽度
//其他结构字段,该结构攻20个字段
}
TEXTMETRIC, *PTEXTMETRIC;
*/
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
/*取得设备内容句柄:1
要得到窗口显示区域的设备内容句柄,可以呼叫GetDC来取得句柄,在使用完后呼叫ReleaseDC:
hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ;
使用GDI函数
ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
与BeginPaint 和EndPaint 一样,GetDC 和ReleaseDC 函数必须成对地使用.
与从BeginPaint传回设备内容句柄不同,GetDC传回的设备内容句柄具有一个剪取矩形,{它等于整个显示区域}。
与 BeginPaint不同,GetDC不会使任何无效区域变为有效
可以呼叫ValidateRect(hwnd, NULL)使真个显示区域有效
与GetDC相似的函数是GetWindowDC。GetDC传回用于写入窗口显示区域的设备内容句柄,
而GetWindowDC传回写入整个窗口的设备内容句柄。
例如,您的程序可以使用从GetWindowDC传回的设备内容句柄在窗口的 标题列上写入文字。
然而,程序同样也应该处理WM_NCPAINT (「非显示区域绘制」)消息。
*/
hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ;
//获取字体大小,传回设备内容中目前选取的字体信息,因此它需要设备内容句柄,windows将文字大小复制到tm结构中
GetTextMetrics (hdc, &tm) ;
cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWidth ; //字符平均宽度
//对于可变宽字体,cxCaps设定为cxChar乘以150%,对于可变宽字体,TEXTMETRIC结构中tmPitchAndFamily字段的低位是1,对于固定宽度字体,该值为0
cxCaps = (tm.tmPitchAndFamily & 1 ? 3 : 2) * cxChar / 2 ;
cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading ; //字符高度+上下行间距,每格cyChar为一行
ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_PAINT :
/*取得设备内容句柄:2
该函数需要窗口句柄和PAINTSTRUCT结构的变量(WINUSER.H中定义)的地址为参数
呼叫BeginPaint一般在准备绘制时导致无效区域背景被擦除。该函数也填入ps结构的字段。返回值是设备内容句柄。
然后程序就可以使用需要设备内容句柄的TextOut等GDI函数,最后呼叫EndPaint即可释放设备内容句柄。
一般地,处理WM_PAINT消息的形式如下:
caseWM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
使用GDI函数
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
处理WM_PAINT消息时,必须成对的呼叫BeginPaint和EndPaint,如果不处理WM_PAINT,则它必须将WM_PAINT消息传递给Windows中DefWindowProc
(windows内定的消息处理程序),改函数以下列代码处理WM_PAINT消息:
case WM_PAINT:
BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
//BeginPaint和EndPaint呼叫之间中没有任何叙述,仅仅使先前无效区域变为有效
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
但以下方法是错误的:
case WM_PAINT:
return 0 ; // WRONG !!!
windows将一个WM_PAINT消息放到消息队列中,是因为显示区域的一部分无效。如果不呼叫BeginPaint和EndPaint(或者ValidateRect),windows不会
使该区域变为有效。相反,Windows将发送另一个WM_PAINT消息,且一直发送下去
*/
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
for (i = 0 ; i < NUMLINES ; i++)
{
/*
TextOut(hdc, x, y, psText, iLength)是用于显示文字的最常用的GDI函数
hdc是设备内容句柄,可是是GetDC的传回值,也可以是处理WM_PAINT消息是BeginPaint的传回值
设备内容的属性控制了被显示的字符串的特征。比如字体颜色,背景颜色
x, y是字符串的开始位置,x水平位置,y垂直位置
psText是指向字符串的指针
iLength是字符串长度[该串不能包含回车、换行、制表或退格,windows会将这些控制字符显示为实心块],TextOut不识别以0为结束标识符,所以需要
iLength参数指明长度。
*/
//---------------下面三个TextOut分别显示每一列
TextOut (hdc, 0, cyChar * i,
sysmetrics[i].szLabel,
lstrlen (sysmetrics[i].szLabel)) ; //显示了大写标识符
TextOut (hdc, 22 * cxCaps, cyChar * i,
sysmetrics[i].szDesc,
lstrlen (sysmetrics[i].szDesc)) ; //叙述显示对系统尺寸值的描述
SetTextAlign (hdc, TA_RIGHT | TA_TOP) ; //传给后续TextOut函数的坐标将指定字符串的右上角
TextOut (hdc, 22 * cxCaps + 40 * cxChar, cyChar * i, szBuffer, //40 * cxChar 包含第二列宽度和第三列宽度
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%5d"),
//获取使用者接口上各类视觉组件大小的信息,返回一个整数,这个整数通常就是参数中指定的图形组件大小
GetSystemMetrics (sysmetrics[i].Index))) ; //叙述显示从GetSystemMetrics函数取得的数值,szBuffer
SetTextAlign (hdc, TA_LEFT | TA_TOP) ;
}
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_DESTROY :
PostQuitMessage (0) ;
return 0 ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}