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explicit关键字用法

explicit关键字用于取消构造函数的隐式转换,对有多个参数的构造函数使用explicit是个语法错误。


In C++ it is possible to declare constructors for a class, taking a single parameter, and use those constructors for doing type conversion. For example:

class A {
public:
        A(
int);
};

void f(A) {}
void g()
{
         A a1 
= 37;
         A a2 
= A(47);
         A a3(
57);
         a1 
= 67;
         f(
77);
}

A declaration like:
 A a1 = 37;
says to call the A(int) constructor to create an A object from the integer value. Such a constructor is called a "converting constructor".

However, this type of implicit conversion can be confusing, and there is a way of disabling it, using a new keyword "explicit" in the constructor declaration:

class A {
public:
       
explicit A(int);
};

void f(A) {}
void g()
{
          A a1 
= 37;      // illegal
          A a2 = A(47);   // OK
          A a3(57);       // OK
          a1 = 67;        // illegal
          f(77);          // illegal
}


Using the explicit keyword, a constructor is declared to be
"nonconverting", and explicit constructor syntax is required:

class A {
public:
        
explicit A(int);
        };

void f(A) {}

void g()
{
        A a1 
= A(37);
        A a2 
= A(47);
        A a3(
57);
        a1 
= A(67);
        f(A(
77));
}


Note that an expression such as:

        A(47)

is closely related to function-style casts supported by C++. For example:

        double d = 12.34;

int i = int(d);

posted on 2006-04-19 21:11 芥之舟 阅读(2471) 评论(0)  编辑 收藏 引用 所属分类: C/C++


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