1 Managed c++ (使用vs2002,2003,建立visual c++下的console application(.net ) project,project还有各种类型)
注: 此时的project setting里一定是 :using Managed Extenstions ->Yes
简单实例
#using <mscorlib.dll>
using namespace System;
__gc class G
{
public:
int k;
int sum(int);
};
G::sum(int i) {return i*(i + 1)/2;}
int main()
{
G * g = new G;
Console::WriteLine(g->sum(4)); // 结果输出10
return 0;
}接口实例
#using <mscorlib.dll>
using namespace System;
__gc __interface Ibase1 {
int f(int);
};
__gc __interface Ibase2 {
int f(int);
};
__gc struct C: Ibase1, Ibase2 {
int f(int i) { // 接口方法的实现
return 2*i-1;
};
};
int main(void){
C* c = new C;
Console::WriteLine((c -> f(1)).ToString()); // 输出结果为1
Console::WriteLine((__try_cast (c)->f(2)).ToString());
// 输出结果为3
Console::WriteLine((__try_cast (c)->f(3)).ToString());
// 输出结果为5
return 0;
} property实例:
#using <mscorlib.dll>
using namespace System;
__gc class G {
public:
__property int get_Size() {
Console::WriteLine(S"get_属性");
return nSize;
};
__property void set_Size(int i) {
Console::WriteLine(S"set_属性");
nSize = i;
};
private:
int nSize;
};
int main() {
G * pG = new G;
pG->Size = 10; // 调用set_Size
int i = pG->Size; // 调用get_Size
Console::WriteLine(i);
}
//程序结果为：
// set_属性
// get_属性
// 10
代理实例:
#using <mscorlib.dll>
using namespace System;
__delegate int GetDayOfWeek(); // 委派方法的声明
__gc class MyCalendar
{
public:
MyCalendar() : m_nDayOfWeek(4) {}
int MyGetDayOfWeek() {
Console::WriteLine("非静态方法");
return m_nDayOfWeek;
}
static int MyStaticGetDayOfWeek() {
Console::WriteLine("静态方法");
return 6;
}
private:
int m_nDayOfWeek;
};
int main(void)
{
GetDayOfWeek * pGetDayOfWeek; // 声明委派类型变量
int nDayOfWeek;
// 将类的静态方法MyStaticGetDayOfWeek绑定成委派
pGetDayOfWeek = new GetDayOfWeek(0, &MyCalendar::MyStaticGetDayOfWeek);
nDayOfWeek = pGetDayOfWeek->Invoke(); // 委派的调用
Console::WriteLine(nDayOfWeek);
// 将一个类的实例绑定成委派
MyCalendar * pcal = new MyCalendar();
pGetDayOfWeek =
static_cast(Delegate::Combine(pGetDayOfWeek,
new GetDayOfWeek(pcal, &MyCalendar::MyGetDayOfWeek)));
nDayOfWeek = pGetDayOfWeek->Invoke();
Console::WriteLine(nDayOfWeek);
// 删除绑定委派的类实例
pGetDayOfWeek =
static_cast(Delegate::Remove(pGetDayOfWeek,
new GetDayOfWeek(pcal, &MyCalendar::MyGetDayOfWeek)));
return 0;
}
/**//* 输出结果是：
静态方法
6
静态方法
非静态方法
4*/ 2 c++\CLI (使用vs2005 ,之前的版本不支持,建立visual c++下的CLR Console Application ,当然还有其他的类型可选,比如CLR empty ...^_^,)
注:此时project setting 中common language runtime support : Common Language Runtime Support (/clr) ,此时的project中已经ref system....DLL,所以不用想上面那样#using <mscordll>
简单实例
#include "stdafx.h"
using namespace System;
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
String^ str = gcnew String("Hello World");
Object^ o1 = gcnew Object();
Console::WriteLine(str);
return 0;
} interface 实例
using namespace System;
interface class IDog
{
void Bark();
};
ref class Dog : IDog
{
public:
void Bark()
{
Console::WriteLine("Bow wow wow");
}
};
void _tmain()
{
Dog^ d = gcnew Dog();
d->Bark();
} property实例
ref class Base
{
public:
ref struct SBaseData
{
public:
SBaseData()
{
x = 10;
}
SBaseData(int n)
{
x = n;
}
int x;
};
private:
SBaseData^ _bd;
public:
Base()
{
_bd = gcnew SBaseData();
}
virtual property SBaseData^ Data
{
SBaseData^ get()
{
return _bd;
}
void set(SBaseData^ val)
{
_bd->x = val->x;
}
}
};
ref class Derived : Base
{
public:
ref struct SDerivedData : Base::SBaseData
{
public:
SDerivedData(int n1, int n2) : SBaseData(n1)
{
y = n2;
}
SDerivedData() : SBaseData()
{
y = 100;
}
int y;
};
private:
SDerivedData^ _bd;
public:
Derived()
{
_bd = gcnew SDerivedData();
}
virtual property SBaseData^ Data
{
SBaseData^ get() override //= Base::Data::get
{
return _bd;
}
void set(SBaseData^ val) override //= Base::Data::set
{
try
{
_bd->x = val->x;
_bd->y = safe_cast<SDerivedData^>(val)->y;
}
catch(System::InvalidCastException ^)
{
//log an error
}
}
}
virtual property SDerivedData^ SData
{
SDerivedData^ get()
{
return _bd;
}
void set(SDerivedData^ val)
{
_bd->x = val->x;
_bd->y = val->y;
}
}
};
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
Derived^ d = gcnew Derived;
//Base^ d = gcnew Derived; // error , y is not a member of Base class
int num = d->Data->x;
int num2 = d->SData->y;
System::Console::WriteLine(num);
System::Console::WriteLine(num2);
return 0;
} index实例
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
ref class R
{
private:
Hashtable^ h;
public:
R()
{
h = gcnew Hashtable();
}
//Named property
property int Age[String^]
{
protected:
int get(String^ s)
{
if(h->ContainsKey(s))
{
for each(DictionaryEntry de in h)
{
if(s->CompareTo(de.Key) == 0)
return (int)de.Value;
}
}
return 0;
}
void set(String^ s, int age)
{
h->Add(s,age);
}
}
//Default property
property int default[String^]
{
int get(String^ s)
{
return Age[s];
}
void set(String^ s, int age)
{
Age[s] = age;
}
}
};
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
R^ r = gcnew R();
r["Nish"] = 27;
r["Smitha"] = 15;
r["Chris"] = 21;
r["Don"] = 87;
Console::WriteLine(r["Nish"]);
Console::WriteLine(r["George"]);
Console::WriteLine(r["Smitha"]);
Console::WriteLine(r["Don"]);
Console::WriteLine(r["Bert"]);
return 0;