#include <d3d9.h>
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 全局变量
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECT3D9 g_pD3D = NULL; //Direct3D对象
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pd3dDevice = NULL; //Direct3D设备对象
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_pVB = NULL; //顶点缓冲区对象
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 顶点结构
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//在创建顶点缓冲区之前，需要先定义一个表示顶点的结构类型、描述顶点保存格式的FVF和一个保存顶点的结构数组
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
FLOAT x, y, z, rhw;
DWORD color;
};
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE) //顶点格式
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 初始化Direct3D
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitD3D( HWND hWnd )
{
//创建Direct3D对象, 该对象用于创建Direct3D设备对象
if( NULL == ( g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9( D3D_SDK_VERSION ) ) )
return E_FAIL;
//设置D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构, 准备创建Direct3D设备对象
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) );
d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
//创建Direct3D设备对象
if( FAILED( g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice ) ) )
{
return E_FAIL;
}
return S_OK;
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 创建并填充顶点缓冲区
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitVB()
{
//顶点数据
CUSTOMVERTEX vertices[] =
{
{ 100.0f, 400.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0xffff0000, },
{ 300.0f, 50.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0xff00ff00, },
{ 500.0f, 400.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0xff0000ff, },
};
//创建顶点缓冲区
if( FAILED( g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer( 3*sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX),
0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,
D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVB, NULL ) ) )
//HRESULT IDirect3DDevice9::CreateVertexBuffer{UINT Length, DWORD Usage, DWORD FVF,
//D3DOL Pool, IDirectVertexBuffer9** ppVertexBuffer, HANDLE pHandle }
//参数Length指定顶点缓冲区的大小，以字节为单位
//参数Usage指定顶点缓冲区属性，它可以设为0，详情请查MSDN
//参数FVF表示顶点的灵活顶点格式
//参数Pool属于枚举类型D3DPOOL，用于指定顶点缓冲区内存类型
//参数ppVertexBuffer是一个指向创建的顶点缓冲区地址的指针，用于返回顶点缓冲区的地址
//参数pHandle是一个保留参数，可设置为NULL
{
return E_FAIL;
}
//填充顶点缓冲区
VOID* pVertices;
if( FAILED( g_pVB->Lock( 0, sizeof(vertices), (void**)&pVertices, 0 ) ) )
return E_FAIL;
memcpy( pVertices, vertices, sizeof(vertices) );
g_pVB->Unlock();
//Lock()和Unlock()是一对加锁、解锁函数，对顶点缓冲区的内存操作必须通过Lock()和Unlock()来实现。
return S_OK;
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 释放创建的对象
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Cleanup()
{
//释放顶点缓冲区对象
if( g_pVB != NULL )
g_pVB->Release();
//释放Direct3D设备对象
if( g_pd3dDevice != NULL )
g_pd3dDevice->Release();
//释放Direct3D对象
if( g_pD3D != NULL )
g_pD3D->Release();
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 渲染图形
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Render()
{
//清空后台缓冲区
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(45, 50, 170), 1.0f, 0 );
//开始在后台缓冲区绘制图形
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
//在后台缓冲区绘制图形
g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );
//SetStreamSource()将顶点缓冲区和渲染数据流链接，函数原型如下：
//HRESULT IDirect3DDevice9::SetStreamSource{UINT StreamNumber, IDirect3DVertexBuffer9*
//pStream, UINT OffsetInBytes, UINT Stride}
//参数StreamNumber表示与顶点缓冲区链接的渲染数据流的序号，它是一个大于等于0的整数
//参数pStreamData表示与渲染数据流链接的顶点缓冲区地址
//参数OffsetInBytes表示渲染数据流中有效的顶点数据的起始地址，以字节数表示
//参数Stride表示渲染两个相邻顶点地址相差的字节数，通常它应等于顶点在内存中所占用的字节数
g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );
//SetFVF的作用是声明当前的渲染数据流中的灵活顶点格式。
g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1 );
//DrawPrimitive用来绘制当前的渲染数据流中的图元
//函数原型HRESULT IDirect3DDevice9::DrawPrimitive(D3DPRIMITIVETYPE PrimitiveType, UINT
//StartVertex, UINT PrimitiveCount)
//参数PrimitivreType表示将要绘制的图元类型
//参数StartVertex表示从顶点缓冲区的第几个顶点开始绘制图元
//参数PrimitiveCount表示将要绘制的图元数目
//结束在后台缓冲区绘制图形
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
//将在后台缓冲区绘制的图形提交到前台缓冲区显示
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 消息处理
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( msg )
{
case WM_DESTROY:
Cleanup();
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
}
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 入口函数
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
INT WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, INT )
{
//注册窗口类
WNDCLASSEX wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0L, 0L,
GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
"ClassName", NULL };
RegisterClassEx( &wc );
//创建窗口
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow( "ClassName", "顶点缓冲区",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 200, 100, 600, 500,
GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL );
//初始化Direct3D
if( SUCCEEDED( InitD3D( hWnd ) ) )
{
//创建并填充顶点缓冲区
if( SUCCEEDED( InitVB() ) )
{
//显示窗口
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
//进入消息循环
MSG msg;
ZeroMemory( &msg, sizeof(msg) );
while( msg.message!=WM_QUIT )
{
if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE ) )
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
Render(); //渲染图形
}
}
}
}
UnregisterClass("ClassName", wc.hInstance);
return 0;
}