本文列举了Direct3D中各种纹理应用实现:黑暗贴图,发光贴图,漫反射映射贴图,细节纹理,纹理混合,有较详尽的注解。其中黑暗贴图,发光贴图,细节纹理都是采用多重纹理的方法实现(也可以采用多次渲染混合实现)。
示例代码使用Beginning direct3D game programming中的框架,省去不少事情,可以专注纹理话题。代码:
点此下载下面来看代码与效果:
正常的纹理贴图效果:
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正常的纹理贴图代码:
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//基本纹理
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void drawNormalTexture()
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{
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// 设置box纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(0, texBox);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0); //使用纹理坐标
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1); // 使用当前颜色作为第一个texture stage的输出
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// 描绘box
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Box->draw(0, 0, 0);
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}
黑暗纹理贴图效果:
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黑暗纹理贴图代码:
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//黑暗映射纹理
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void drawDarkMapTexture()
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{
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// Multi texture:多重纹理,此处为两重纹理
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// finalColor = destPixelColor * sourcePixelColor
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// 设置box纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(0, texBox);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1); // 使用当前颜色作为第一个texture stage的输出
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// 设置黑暗纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(1, texAlpha);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_CURRENT); // 颜色来源-前一个texture stage
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_MODULATE); // 颜色混合:相乘
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// 描绘box
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Box->draw(0, 0, 0);
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}
漫反射映射贴图效果:夜光镜效果
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漫反射映射贴图代码:
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//漫射光映射纹理
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void drawDiffuseTexture()
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{
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// 设置box纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(0, texBox);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_DIFFUSE); // 颜色来源-漫反射
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_MODULATE); // 颜色混合
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// 设置材质:绿色材质实现类似夜光镜的效果
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Device->SetMaterial(&d3d::GREEN_MTRL);
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// 描绘box
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Box->draw(0, 0, 0);
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}
发光映射纹理贴图效果:
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发光映射纹理贴图代码:
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//发光映射纹理
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void drawGlowMapTexture()
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{
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// Multi texture:多重纹理,此处为两重纹理
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// finalColor = sourcePixelColor * 1.0 + destPixelColor * 1.0
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// 设置box纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(0, texBox);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1); // 使用当前颜色作为第一个texture stage的输出
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// 设置黑暗纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(1, texAlpha);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_CURRENT); // 颜色来源-前一个texture stage
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_ADD); // 颜色混合:相加
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// 描绘box
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Box->draw(0, 0, 0);
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}
细节映射纹理贴图:实现粗糙的凹凸效果
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细节映射纹理贴图代码:
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//细节映射纹理:实现凹凸效果
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void drawDetailMapTexture()
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{
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// Multi texture:多重纹理,此处为两重纹理
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// finalColor = sourcePixelColor * destPixelColor + destPixelColor * sourcePixelColor
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// 设置box纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(0, texBox);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1); // 使用当前颜色作为第一个texture stage的输出
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// 设置细节纹理贴图
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Device->SetTexture(1, texDetail);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_CURRENT); // 颜色来源-前一个渲染通道
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Device->SetTextureStageState(1, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_ADDSIGNED); // 颜色混合
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// 描绘box
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Box->draw(0, 0, 0);
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}
alpha纹理混合效果:多次渲染实现
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alph纹理混合代码:
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//alpha混合纹理
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void drawAlphaBlendTexture()
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{
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// 多次渲染实现纹理混合
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// finalColor = sourcePixelColor * sourceBlendFactor + destPixelColor * destBlendFactor
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// 设置纹理混合参数
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // alpha值来自纹理
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1);
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// 设置混合因子实现透明效果
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Device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SRCBLEND, D3DBLEND_SRCALPHA);
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Device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_DESTBLEND, D3DBLEND_INVSRCALPHA);
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//使用box纹理贴图实现第一次渲染,无alpha混合
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Device->SetTexture(0, texBox);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1); // 使用当前颜色作为第一个texture stage的输出
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// 第一次描绘box
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Box->draw(&boxWorldMatrix, 0, 0);
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//使用带alpha值得flower纹理贴图实现第二次渲染,有alpha混合
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Device->SetTexture(0, texAlphaFlower);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0);
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); // 颜色来源-材质
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Device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1); // 使用当前颜色作为第一个texture stage的输出
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// 打开纹理混合
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Device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, true);
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// 第一次描绘box
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Box->draw(&boxWorldMatrix, 0, 0);
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// 关闭纹理混合
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Device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, false);
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}