原创 visualfc
在LUA中进行GUI程序设计,可以选择的GUI库一般有wxLua和IupLua。wxLua具备典型的面向对象风格,功能相对强大。而IUP的LUA绑定则非常简洁易用。本文主要介绍IupLua。
IUPLUA目前稳定版本为2.7.1,最新版本为3.0beta1。
IUP项目主页为:http://sourceforge.net/projects/iup
在IupLua程序设计中,主要使用表来设计应用程序界面,表的键值则为GUI部件的属性,通过回调函数完成窗口消息的获取。下面给出一个完整的例子。
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require "iuplua"
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text_location = iup.text{expand="HORIZONTAL", id="text_location"}
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btn_browse = iup.button{title="Browse", rastersize="x22",id="btn_browse"}
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dlg = iup.dialog
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{
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iup.vbox
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{
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iup.label{title="Location:"},
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iup.hbox
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{
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text_location,
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btn_browse
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; margin="0x0"
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},
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iup.label{title="Text:"},
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iup.multiline{expand="YES"},
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}
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;title="iuplua sample", size="200x100", margin="10x10"
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}
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function btn_browse:action()
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local dlg = iup.filedlg{dialogtype="DIR"}
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dlg:popup()
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if dlg.status == "0" then
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text_location.value = dlg.value
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end
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end
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dlg:show()
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iup.MainLoop()
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上面的例子通过hbox和vbox进行界面的自动调整。程序很简单,如下图所示:
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其中22行的fuctnion btn_browse:action即为回调函数,相比wxLua的Bind方法,这种用法更为简洁。
另外我们也可以看到在此程序中我们需要对text_location和btn_browse进行声明,而后在dialog的box中进行引用,我们也可以使用类似HTML控制中的ID值来进行设计而无需事先声明。如下:
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require "iuplua"
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require "iupid"
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dlg = iup.dialog
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{
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iup.vbox
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{
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iup.label{title="Location:", id="ok"},
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iup.hbox
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{
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iup.text{expand="HORIZONTAL", id="text_location"},
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iup.button{title="Browse", rastersize="x22", id="btn_browse"}
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; margin="0x0"
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},
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iup.label{title="Text:"},
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iup.multiline{expand="YES"},
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}
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;title="iuplua sample", size="200x100", margin="10x10"
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}
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function btn_browse:action()
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local dlg = iup.filedlg{dialogtype="DIR"}
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dlg:popup()
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if dlg.status == "0" then
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text_location.value = dlg.value
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end
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end
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dlg:show()
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iup.MainLoop()
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如上所示,使用id值的方式GUI设计代码显得更为一致。那么如何做到这一点呢,在LUA中实现起来很简单,使用upvalue就可以做到。
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function iup_id(func)
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return function(o)
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if o.id ~= nil then
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_G[o.id] = func(o)
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return _G[o.id]
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else
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return func(o)
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end
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end
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end
然后对所需部件进行声明。
--standard
iup.button = iup_id(iup.button)
iup.text = iup_id(iup.text)
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这样就可以使用id的方式来直接引用GUI部件了,另外需要注意的是各个GUI部件要取不同的id值。
下面给出了我写的iupcd.lua的完整源代码以供参考。
require "iuplua"
require "iupluacontrols"
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function iup_id(func)
return function(o)
if o.id ~= nil then
_G[o.id] = func(o)
return _G[o.id]
elseif o.ID ~= nil then
_G[o.ID] = func(o)
return _G[o.ID]
else
return func(o)
end
end
end
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--standard
iup.button = iup_id(iup.button)
iup.canvas = iup_id(iup.canvas)
iup.frame = iup_id(iup.frame)
iup.multiline = iup_id(iup.multiline)
iup.progressbar = iup_id(iup.progressbar)
iup.spin = iup_id(iup.spin)
iup.tabs = iup_id(iup.tabs)
iup.val = iup_id(iup.val)
iup.toggle = iup_id(iup.toggle)
iup.radio = iup_id(iup.radio)
iup.text = iup_id(iup.text)
iup.list = iup_id(iup.list)
iup.label = iup_id(iup.label)
--dialog
iup.dialog = iup_id(iup.dialog)
iup.filedlg = iup_id(iup.filedlg)
iup.messagedlg = iup_id(iup.messagedlg)
iup.colordlg = iup_id(iup.colordlg)
iup.fontdlg = iup_id(iup.fontdlg)
iup.alarm = iup_id(iup.alarm)
iup.getfile = iup_id(iup.getfile)
iup.gettext = iup_id(iup.gettext)
iup.listdialog = iup_id(iup.listdialog)
iup.message = iup_id(iup.message)
iup.scanf = iup_id(iup.scanf)
iup.getcolor = iup_id(iup.getcolor)
iup.getparam = iup_id(iup.getparam)
--layout
iup.fill = iup_id(iup.fill)
iup.vbox = iup_id(iup.vbox)
iup.hbox = iup_id(iup.hbox)
iup.zbox = iup_id(iup.zbox)
iup.cbox = iup_id(iup.cbox)
iup.sbox = iup_id(iup.cbox)
--additional
iup.cells = iup_id(iup.cells)
iup.colorbar = iup_id(iup.colorbar)
iup.colorbrowser = iup_id(iup.colorbrowser)
iup.dial = iup_id(iup.dial)
iup.gauge = iup_id(iup.gauge)
iup.tabs = iup_id(iup.tabs)
iup.matrix = iup_id(iup.matrix)
iup.tree = iup_id(iup.tree)
iup.glcanvas = iup_id(iup.glcanvas)
iup.pplot = iup_id(iup.pplot)
iup.olecontrol = iup_id(iup.olecontrol)
iup.speech = iup_id(iup.speech)
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