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在下面的方格中,每行,每列,以及两条对角线上的数字可以看作是五位的素数。方格中的行按照从左到右的顺序组成一个素数,而列按照从上到下的顺序。两条对角线也是按照从左到右的顺序来组成。

+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 1 |
+---+---+---+---+---+
| 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
+---+---+---+---+---+
| 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
+---+---+---+---+---+
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
+---+---+---+---+---+

    * 这些素数各个数位上的和必须相等。
    * 左上角的数字是预先定好的。
    * 一个素数可能在方阵中重复多次。
    * 如果不只有一个解,将它们全部输出(按照这25个数字组成的25位数的大小排序)。
    * 一个五位的素数开头不能为0(例如:00003 不是五位素数)

格式
PROGRAM NAME: prime3
INPUT FORMAT:(file prime3.in)

一行包括两个被空格分开的整数:各数位上的数字的和 以及左上角的数字。

OUTPUT FORMAT:(file prime3.out)

对于每一个找到的方案输出5行,每行5个字符, 每行可以转化为一个5位的质数.在两组方案中间输出一个空行. 如果没有解就单独输出一行"NONE"。

SAMPLE INPUT
11 1

SAMPLE OUTPUT
上面的例子有三组解。

11351
14033
30323
53201
13313

11351
33203
30323
14033
33311

13313
13043
32303
50231
13331

分析:史上最大(最多FOR)的枚举题,堪称经典。
      剪枝和搜索顺序是决定AC与否的关键,尤其是搜索顺序,我的变量名已经说明了搜索顺序。
      a11代表第一行第一列。


【参考程序】:

/*
ID: XIONGNA1
PROG: prime3
LANG: C++
*/
#include
<iostream>
#include
<cstring>
using namespace std;
struct node
{
    
int l1,l2,l3,l4,l5;
} ans[
100002];
bool p[100002];
int sum,n,a11;
void makeprime()
{
    memset(p,
true,sizeof(p));
    p[
1]=p[0]=false;
    
for (int i=2;i<=99999;i++)
        
if (p[i])
            
for (int j=i;j<=99999/i;j++)
                p[i
*j]=false;
}
bool check(node a,node b)
{
    
if (a.l1<b.l1) return trueif (a.l1>b.l1) return false;
    
if (a.l2<b.l2) return trueif (a.l2>b.l2) return false;
    
if (a.l3<b.l3) return trueif (a.l3>b.l3) return false;
    
if (a.l4<b.l4) return trueif (a.l4>b.l4) return false;
    
if (a.l5<b.l5) return trueif (a.l5>b.l5) return false;
    
return false;
}
void cout_ans()
{
    node tt;
    
for (int i=1;i<=n-1;i++)
        
for (int j=i+1;j<=n;j++)
            
if (check(ans[j],ans[i]))
            {
                tt
=ans[j];ans[j]=ans[i];ans[i]=tt;
            }
    printf(
"%d\n%d\n%d\n%d\n%d\n",ans[1].l1,ans[1].l2,ans[1].l3,ans[1].l4,ans[1].l5);
    
for (int i=2;i<=n;i++)
    {
        printf(
"\n");
        printf(
"%d\n%d\n%d\n%d\n%d\n",ans[i].l1,ans[i].l2,ans[i].l3,ans[i].l4,ans[i].l5);
    }
}
void for_work()
{
    
for (int a22=0;a22<=9;a22++)//对角
    for (int a33=0;a33<=9;a33++)
    
for (int a44=0;a44<=9;a44++)
    {
        
int a55=sum-a11-a22-a33-a44;
        
if (a55==1 || a55==3 || a55==7 || a55==9)
        
if (p[a11*10000+a22*1000+a33*100+a44*10+a55])
        {
            
for (int a51=1;a51<=9;a51++)//对角
            for (int a42=0;a42<=9;a42++)
            
for (int a24=0;a24<=9;a24++)
            {
                
int a15=sum-a51-a42-a33-a24;
                
if (a15==1 || a15==3 || a15==7 || a15==9)
                
if (p[a51*10000+a42*1000+a33*100+a24*10+a15])
                {
                    
for (int a12=1;a12<=9;a12++)
                    
for (int a13=1;a13<=9;a13++)
                    {
                        
int a14=sum-a11-a12-a13-a15;
                        
if (a14>=1 && a14<=9)
                        
if (p[a11*10000+a12*1000+a13*100+a14*10+a15])
                        {
                            
for (int a32=0;a32<=9;a32++)
                            {
                                
int a52=sum-a12-a22-a32-a42;
                                
if (a52>=0 && a52<=9)
                                
if (p[a12*10000+a22*1000+a32*100+a42*10+a52])
                                {
                                    
for (int a34=0;a34<=9;a34++)
                                    {
                                        
int a54=sum-a14-a24-a34-a44;
                                        
int a53=sum-a51-a52-a54-a55;
                                        
if (a54>=0 && a54<=9)
                                        
if (a53>=0 && a53<=9)
                                        
if (p[a51*10000+a52*1000+a53*100+a54*10+a55])
                                        
if (p[a14*10000+a24*1000+a34*100+a44*10+a54])
                                        {
                                            
for (int a21=1;a21<=9;a21++)
                                            
for (int a31=1;a31<=9;a31++)
                                            {
                                                
int a41=sum-a11-a21-a31-a51;
                                                
int a35=sum-a31-a32-a33-a34;
                                                
if (a41>=1 && a41<=9)
                                                
if (a35==1 || a35==3 || a35==7 || a35==9)
                                                
if (p[a31*10000+a32*1000+a33*100+a34*10+a35])
                                                
if (p[a11*10000+a21*1000+a31*100+a41*10+a51])
                                                {
                                                    
for (int a23=0;a23<=9;a23++)
                                                    {
                                                        
int a25=sum-a21-a22-a23-a24;
                                                        
int a43=sum-a13-a23-a33-a53;
                                                        
int a45=sum-a41-a42-a43-a44;
                                                        
if (a25==1 || a25==3 || a25==7 || a25==9)
                                                        
if (a43>=0 && a43<=9)
                                                        
if (a45==1 || a45==3 || a45==7 || a45==9)
                                                        {
                                                            
if (p[a21*10000+a22*1000+a23*100+a24*10+a25])
                                                            
if (p[a41*10000+a42*1000+a43*100+a44*10+a45])
                                                            
if (p[a13*10000+a23*1000+a33*100+a43*10+a53])
                                                            
if (p[a15*10000+a25*1000+a35*100+a45*10+a55])
                                                            {
                                                                n
++;
                                                                ans[n].l1
=a11*10000+a12*1000+a13*100+a14*10+a15;
                                                                ans[n].l2
=a21*10000+a22*1000+a23*100+a24*10+a25;
                                                                ans[n].l3
=a31*10000+a32*1000+a33*100+a34*10+a35;
                                                                ans[n].l4
=a41*10000+a42*1000+a43*100+a44*10+a45;
                                                                ans[n].l5
=a51*10000+a52*1000+a53*100+a54*10+a55;
                                                            }
                                                        }
                                                    }
                                                }
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    freopen(
"prime3.in","r",stdin);
    freopen(
"prime3.out","w",stdout);
    makeprime();
    scanf(
"%d%d",&sum,&a11);
    n
=0;
    for_work();
    
//printf("%d\n",n);
    if (n==0) printf("NONE\n");
    
else cout_ans();
    
return 0;
}


【参考程序】:
{
ID: XIONGNA1
PROG: prime3
LANG: PASCAL
}
type r1
=record
     l1,l2,l3,l4,l5:longint;
  end;
var p:array[
0..99999] of boolean;
    sum,n:longint;
    a11,a12,a13,a14,a15,a21,a22,a23,a24,a25,a31,a32,a33,a34,a35,a41:longint;
    a42,a43,a44,a45,a51,a52,a53,a54,a55:longint;
    ans:array[
0..99999] of r1;
procedure makeprime;
var i,j:longint;
begin
  fillchar(p,
sizeof(p),true);
  p[
1]:=false;
  
for i:=2 to 99999 do
  
if p[i] then
  begin
    
for j:=i to 99999 div i do
      p[i
*j]:=false;
  end;
end;
procedure main;
begin
  
for a22:=0 to 9 do
  
for a33:=0 to 9 do
  
for a44:=0 to 9 do
  begin
    a55:
=sum-a11-a22-a33-a44;
    
if (a55 in [1,3,7,9]) then
    
if p[a11*10000+a22*1000+a33*100+a44*10+a55] then
    begin
      
for a51:=1 to 9 do
      
for a42:=0 to 9 do
      
for a24:=0 to 9 do
      begin
        a15:
=sum-a51-a42-a33-a24;
        
if a15 in [1,3,7,9] then
        
if p[a51*10000+a42*1000+a33*100+a24*10+a15] then
        begin
          
for a12:=1 to 9 do
          
for a13:=1 to 9 do
          begin
            a14:
=sum-a11-a12-a13-a15;
            
if a14 in [1..9] then
            
if p[a11*10000+a12*1000+a13*100+a14*10+a15] then
            begin
              
for a32:=0 to 9 do
              begin
                a52:
=sum-a12-a22-a32-a42;
                
if a52 in [0..9] then
                
if p[a12*10000+a22*1000+a32*100+a42*10+a52] then
                begin
                  
for a34:=0 to 9 do
                  begin
                    a54:
=sum-a14-a24-a34-a44;
                    a53:
=sum-a51-a52-a54-a55;
                    
if a54 in [0..9] then
                    
if a53 in [0..9] then
                    
if p[a51*10000+a52*1000+a53*100+a54*10+a55] then
                    
if p[a14*10000+a24*1000+a34*100+a44*10+a54] then
                    begin
                      
for a21:=1 to 9 do
                      
for a31:=1 to 9 do
                      begin
                        a41:
=sum-a11-a21-a31-a51;
                        a35:
=sum-a31-a32-a33-a34;
                        
if a41 in [1..9] then
                        
if a35 in [1,3,7,9] then
                        
if p[a31*10000+a32*1000+a33*100+a34*10+a35] then
                        
if p[a11*10000+a21*1000+a31*100+a41*10+a51] then
                        begin
                          
for a23:=0 to 9 do
                          begin
                            a25:
=sum-a21-a22-a23-a24;
                            a43:
=sum-a13-a23-a33-a53;
                            a45:
=sum-a41-a42-a43-a44;
                            
if a25 in [1,3,7,9] then
                            
if a43 in [0..9] then
                            
if a45 in [1,3,7,9] then
                            begin
                              
if p[a21*10000+a22*1000+a23*100+a24*10+a25] then
                              
if p[a41*10000+a42*1000+a43*100+a44*10+a45] then
                              
if p[a13*10000+a23*1000+a33*100+a43*10+a53] then
                              
if p[a15*10000+a25*1000+a35*100+a45*10+a55] then
                              begin
                                inc(n);
                                with ans[n] 
do
                                begin
                                  l1:
=a11*10000+a12*1000+a13*100+a14*10+a15;
                                  l2:
=a21*10000+a22*1000+a23*100+a24*10+a25;
                                  l3:
=a31*10000+a32*1000+a33*100+a34*10+a35;
                                  l4:
=a41*10000+a42*1000+a43*100+a44*10+a45;
                                  l5:
=a51*10000+a52*1000+a53*100+a54*10+a55;
                                end;
                              end;
                            end;
                          end;
                        end;
                      end;
                    end;
                  end;
                end;
              end;
            end;
          end;
        end;
      end;
    end;
  end;
end;
function small(a,b:r1):boolean;
begin
  
if a.l1<b.l1 then
  begin
     small:
=true; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l1>b.l1 then
  begin
     small:
=false; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l2<b.l2 then
  begin
     small:
=true; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l2>b.l2 then
  begin
     small:
=false; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l3<b.l3 then
  begin
     small:
=true; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l3>b.l3 then
  begin
     small:
=false; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l4<b.l4 then
  begin
     small:
=true; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l4>b.l4 then
  begin
     small:
=false; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l5<b.l5 then
  begin
     small:
=true; exit;
  end;
  
if a.l5>b.l5 then
  begin
     small:
=false; exit;
  end;
  small:
=false;
end;
procedure outans;
var
  i,j:longint;
  tmp:r1;
begin
  
for i:=1 to n-1 do
    
for j:=i+1 to n do
    
if small(ans[j],ans[i]) then
    begin
      tmp:
=ans[j];
      ans[j]:
=ans[i];
      ans[i]:
=tmp;
    end;
  i:
=1;
  writeln(ans[i].l1);
  writeln(ans[i].l2);
  writeln(ans[i].l3);
  writeln(ans[i].l4);
  writeln(ans[i].l5);
  
for i:=2 to n do
  begin
    writeln;
    writeln(ans[i].l1);
    writeln(ans[i].l2);
    writeln(ans[i].l3);
    writeln(ans[i].l4);
    writeln(ans[i].l5);
  end;
end;
begin
  assign(input,
'prime3.in');reset(input);
  assign(output,
'prime3.out');rewrite(output);
  makeprime;
  readln(sum,a11);
  n:
=0;
  main;
  
if n=0 then writeln('NONE')
  
else outans;
end.
posted on 2009-07-29 11:02 开拓者 阅读(1208) 评论(0)  编辑 收藏 引用 所属分类: USACO 题解经典习题

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