pku1224 PICTURE PUZZLE 拼图游戏:回溯法

题目:

不用多解释了吧,给出每个小块,可以旋转,求一种拼图方案

题解:
就是基本的回溯法
搜索的时候注意下次序,可以剪枝不少~

5

1

6

4

0

2

8

3

7


这种搜索题我喜欢用面向对象的方法来写,很清楚,不同意错,代码也很容易看懂。大家看代码吧
代码:
  1/*
  2Source Code
  3
  4Problem: 1224        User: yzhw
  5Memory: 684K        Time: 32MS
  6Language: G++        Result: Accepted
  7Source Code
  8*/

  9# include <iostream>
 10# include <string>
 11# include <cstring>
 12# include <cstdio>
 13using namespace std;
 14struct piece
 15{
 16    char type[4][5],id[5];
 17    int start;
 18    void TurnRight()
 19    {
 20        start=(start+1)%4;
 21    }

 22    char *get(int pos)
 23    {
 24        return type[(start+pos)%4];
 25    }

 26    void print(char *first,char *second,char *third)
 27    {
 28        strcat(first,"   ");
 29        strcat(first,get(0));
 30        strcat(first,"   ");
 31        strcat(second,get(3));
 32        strcat(second," ");
 33        strcat(second,id);
 34        strcat(second," ");
 35        strcat(second,get(1));
 36        strcat(second," ");
 37        strcat(third,"   ");
 38        strcat(third,get(2));
 39        strcat(third,"   ");
 40    }

 41}
data[9];
 42piece ans[9];
 43bool used[9];
 44inline bool match(char *a,char *b)
 45{
 46    return a[0]==b[0]&&(a[1]=='L'&&b[1]=='R'||a[1]=='R'&&b[1]=='L');
 47}

 48bool search(int pos)
 49{
 50    if(pos==9return true;
 51    else
 52    {
 53        switch(pos)
 54        {
 55        case 0:
 56            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
 57                if(!used[i])
 58                {
 59                     ans[pos]=data[i];
 60                     used[i]=true;
 61                     if(search(pos+1)) return true;
 62                     used[i]=false;
 63                }

 64            break;
 65        case 1:
 66            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
 67               if(!used[i])
 68                {
 69                    ans[pos]=data[i];
 70                    used[i]=true;
 71                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
 72                    {
 73                        if(match(ans[pos].get(2),ans[0].get(0))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
 74                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
 75                    }

 76                    used[i]=false;
 77                }

 78            break;
 79        case 2:
 80            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
 81                if(!used[i])
 82                {
 83                    ans[pos]=data[i];
 84                    used[i]=true;
 85                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
 86                    {
 87                        if(match(ans[pos].get(3),ans[0].get(1))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
 88                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
 89                    }

 90                    used[i]=false;
 91                }

 92            break;
 93        case 3:
 94            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
 95                if(!used[i])
 96                {
 97                    ans[pos]=data[i];
 98                    used[i]=true;
 99                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
100                    {
101                        if(match(ans[pos].get(0),ans[0].get(2))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
102                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
103                    }

104                    used[i]=false;
105                }

106            break;
107        case 4:
108            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
109                if(!used[i])
110                {
111                    ans[pos]=data[i];
112                    used[i]=true;
113                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
114                    {
115                        if(match(ans[pos].get(1),ans[0].get(3))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
116                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
117                    }

118                    used[i]=false;
119                }

120            break;
121        case 5:
122            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
123                if(!used[i])
124                {
125                    ans[pos]=data[i];
126                    used[i]=true;
127                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
128                    {
129                        if(match(ans[pos].get(1),ans[1].get(3))&&match(ans[pos].get(2),ans[4].get(0))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
130                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
131                    }

132                    used[i]=false;
133                }

134            break;
135        case 6:
136            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
137                if(!used[i])
138                {
139                    ans[pos]=data[i];
140                    used[i]=true;
141                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
142                    {
143                        if(match(ans[pos].get(3),ans[1].get(1))&&match(ans[pos].get(2),ans[2].get(0))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
144                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
145                    }

146                    used[i]=false;
147                }

148            break;
149        case 7:
150            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
151                if(!used[i])
152                {
153                    ans[pos]=data[i];
154                    used[i]=true;
155                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
156                    {
157                        if(match(ans[pos].get(0),ans[2].get(2))&&match(ans[pos].get(3),ans[3].get(1))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
158                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
159                    }

160                    used[i]=false;
161                }

162            break;
163        case 8:
164            for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
165                if(!used[i])
166                {
167                    ans[pos]=data[i];
168                    used[i]=true;
169                    for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
170                    {
171                        if(match(ans[pos].get(0),ans[4].get(2))&&match(ans[pos].get(1),ans[3].get(3))&&search(pos+1)) return true;
172                        ans[pos].TurnRight();
173                    }

174                    used[i]=false;
175                }

176            break;
177        }
;
178        return false;
179    }

180}

181int main()
182{
183    int id;
184    while(true)
185    {
186        scanf("%d",&id);
187        if(!id) break;
188        for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
189        {
190            scanf("%s",data[i].id);
191            data[i].start=0;
192            for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
193                scanf("%s",data[i].type[j]);
194        }

195        printf("%d:\n",id);
196        memset(used,false,sizeof(used));
197        switch(search(0))
198        {
199        case true:
200            {
201                char first[100],second[100],third[100];
202                first[0]=second[0]=third[0]='\0';
203                ans[5].print(first,second,third);
204                ans[1].print(first,second,third);
205                ans[6].print(first,second,third);
206                printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n\n",first,second,third);
207                first[0]=second[0]=third[0]='\0';
208                ans[4].print(first,second,third);
209                ans[0].print(first,second,third);
210                ans[2].print(first,second,third);
211                printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n\n",first,second,third);
212                first[0]=second[0]=third[0]='\0';
213                ans[8].print(first,second,third);
214                ans[3].print(first,second,third);
215                ans[7].print(first,second,third);
216                printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n\n",first,second,third);
217            }

218            break;
219        case false:
220            printf("No Solution\n\n");
221            break;
222        }
;
223    }

224    return 0;
225}

posted on 2011-01-18 23:07 yzhw 阅读(416) 评论(0)  编辑 收藏 引用 所属分类: search


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